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目的调查分析浙江省2008年麻疹流行的主要危险因素,为有效控制麻疹提供依据。方法采用1∶1匹配病例-对照研究方法,在3个市开展现场调查,运用条件Logistic回归分析探索麻疹发生的危险因素。结果共调查了358对(716名)研究对象,单因素分析表明,户籍地、医院就诊史与麻疹发病有关(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果表明,有医院就诊史者发生麻疹的优势比(Odds Ratio,OR)值为2.33,P<0.05。对8月龄～2岁研究对象分析结果表明,预防接种史与麻疹发病有关,无免疫史的儿童发病OR值为65.29,P<0.05。结论医院暴露、人口流动、存在免疫空白等是麻疹发生的危险因素,要针对性的加强医院感染预防控制的宣传、指导,重视流动儿童管理,并继续保持高水平的2剂次麻疹减毒活疫苗常规免疫接种率。
Objective To investigate and analyze the main risk factors of measles epidemic in Zhejiang Province in 2008 and provide evidence for effective control of measles. Methods A 1: 1 matching case-control study was conducted in 3 cities to investigate the risk factors of measles using conditional logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 358 pairs of (716) subjects were investigated. Univariate analysis showed that the history of hospitalization and hospitalization were related to the incidence of measles (P <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the Odds Ratio (OR) value of measles cases with history of hospital visits was 2.33 (P <0.05). Analysis of 8 months to 2 years of age subjects showed that the vaccination history was related to the incidence of measles. The incidence of children with no history of immunization was 65.29 (P <0.05). Conclusion Hospital exposure, population movement and immunization blank are the risk factors of measles. Propaganda, guidance and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of nosocomial infection in a targeted manner, and the management of migrant children should be emphasized. At the same time, a high level of live attenuated measles Vaccine routine immunization rates.