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目的探讨晚期早产儿发生呼吸衰竭的病因、临床特征、治疗及预后。方法选取2012年1月至2013年12月在我院新生儿科住院诊断为呼吸衰竭的新生儿为研究对象,晚期早产儿73例为观察组,足月儿116例为对照组。比较两组患儿一般临床特征、围产期指标、主要疾病构成情况、呼吸衰竭治疗情况及预后。结果发生呼吸衰竭的病因晚期早产儿主要为呼吸窘迫综合征和肺部感染,足月儿以肺部感染和湿肺为主。治疗上晚期早产儿组需接受呼吸支持和应用PS的比例较高,通气时间更长。两组预后比较无显著性差异。结论晚期早产儿呼吸衰竭的发生与围产期异常因素有关,其发生率较足月儿高,病情往往更重更复杂,经及时积极治疗,可减少不良预后的发生。
Objective To investigate the etiology, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of respiratory failure in advanced preterm infants. Methods From January 2012 to December 2013, neonates diagnosed as respiratory failure in our neonatology department of our hospital were selected as the research object. 73 cases of advanced preterm infants were observed and 116 of full-term infants served as control group. The general clinical features, perinatal indicators, the composition of major diseases, the treatment of respiratory failure and the prognosis were compared between the two groups. The results of respiratory failure causes of late preterm children mainly respiratory distress syndrome and lung infection, full-term children with pulmonary infection and wet lung-based. Treatment of late preterm children need to accept respiratory support and the application of PS a higher proportion of ventilation longer. No significant difference between the two groups prognosis. Conclusions The occurrence of respiratory failure in late preterm infants is related to the abnormal factors of perinatal period. The incidence rate is higher than that of full-term infants. The condition is often heavier and more complicated. Active and timely treatment can reduce the incidence of adverse prognosis.