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【目的】 比较三种不同剂量强化维生素A(VA)对改善学龄前儿童维生素A和铁营养状况的效果 ,探索预防VA缺乏性疾病 (VADD)的强化饼干的理想剂量。 【方法】 将 75 3名观察对象随机分为 4组 ,前两组分别给3 0 %RNI和 10 0 %RNIVA强化饼干每天一次 ,后两组分别每周给VA2万IU强化饼干一次及补充VA2 0万IU胶丸一次 ,除 3 0 %RNI组补充 9个月外 ,其余三组补充 3个月。干预前后观察血清VA、Hb、血清前白蛋白 (PA)、血清视黄醇结合蛋白 (RBP)、身高和体重的变化。 【结果】 干预前后 ,各组儿童VADD和贫血的检出率明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;补充 3月后自身对照除 3 0 %RNI组PA和Hb外 ,四组其余指标均明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;组间比较 ,2万IU组血清VA升高幅度明显大于其余组 ,3 0 %RNI组Hb、PA和身高的增加幅度明显小于其它组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;补充 9月后 ,3 0 %RNI组Hb和PA的升高明显大于其余组 (P <0 .0 5 )。 【结论】 补充三种不同剂量VA强化饼干和 2 0万IUVA胶丸 ,均可明显改善VA和铁营养状况 ,长期补充 ,3 0 %RNI和 10 0 %RNI强化剂量可能更佳
【Objective】 To compare the effects of three different doses of vitamin A on the nutritional status of vitamin A and iron in preschool children and to explore the ideal dose of fortified biscuit to prevent VA deficiency. 【Method】 753 subjects were randomly divided into 4 groups. The first two groups were fortified with 30% RNI and 100% RNIVA once a day respectively. The latter two groups were given once a week with VA2 million IU fortified biscuits and VA2 0 IU capsules once, in addition to 3 0% RNI group added 9 months, the remaining three groups added 3 months. Changes of serum VA, Hb, prealbumin (PA), serum retinol binding protein (RBP), height and body weight were observed before and after intervention. 【Results】 Before and after intervention, the detection rate of VADD and anemia in children in each group was significantly lower (P <0.05); after 3 months of self-control, the remaining indicators of the four groups were all obvious except for PA and Hb in 30% RNI group (P <0.05). Compared with the other groups, the increase of serum VA in 20 000 IUs was significantly greater than that of the other groups, while the increases of Hb, PA and height in 30% RNI were significantly less than those in other groups .0 5). After 9 months of supplementation, the levels of Hb and PA in 30% RNI group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P <0.05). 【Conclusion】 Supplementation of three different doses of VA-fortified biscuits and 200,000 IUVA capsules can significantly improve nutritional status of VA and iron. Supplementation with 30% RNI and 100% RNI may be more effective than long-term supplementation