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以含铅锌烟尘为原料,采用机械活化-硫酸浸出的湿法冶炼工艺分离铅锌烟尘中的金属铅及锌。着重研究了机械活化前后不同的硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间等工艺条件对原料中Zn浸出率及Pb入渣率的影响。实验结果表明,机械活化前,H2SO4直接浸出铅锌烟尘的最佳工艺参数为H2SO4浓度175 g/L、液固比7∶1、浸出温度60℃、浸出时间60 min。在最佳工艺条件下,Zn浸出率达92.47%,Pb入渣率为90.30%。原料机械活化30min后,最佳工艺条件变为H2SO4溶液浓度150 g/L、液固比5∶1、浸出温度50℃、浸出时间40 min。此时Zn浸出率达91.52%及Pb入渣率为95.36%。机械活化后铅锌烟尘的Zn浸出率及Pb入渣率对H2SO4溶液浓度、液固比、浸出温度、浸出时间的依赖性明显降低。
Lead and zinc soot as raw materials, mechanical activation - sulfuric acid leaching wet smelting process of lead and zinc dust in the separation of metallic lead and zinc. The effects of different sulfuric acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, leaching temperature and leaching time before and after mechanical activation on the leaching rate of Zn and the percentage of Pb into slag were emphatically studied. The experimental results showed that H2SO4 concentration of 175 g / L, liquid to solid ratio of 7:1, leaching temperature of 60 ℃ and leaching time of 60 min were the optimal parameters for H2SO4 direct leaching of lead and zinc dust prior to mechanical activation. Under the optimum conditions, the leaching rate of Zn was 92.47% and that of Pb was 90.30%. After 30min mechanical activation, the optimal process conditions were as follows: the concentration of H2SO4 was 150 g / L, the ratio of liquid to solid was 5:1, the leaching temperature was 50 ℃ and the leaching time was 40 min. Zn leaching rate reached 91.52% and Pb entry rate was 95.36%. After mechanical activation, Zn leaching rate and Pb entry rate of lead-zinc dust were significantly lower than those of H2SO4 solution, liquid-solid ratio, leaching temperature and leaching time.