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现代汉语中“对不起”和“不好意思”作为道歉语时,看似相同,实则有很多差异。在语义方面,二者都被用于道歉,但程度有差别、语义各有侧重;在语法方面,二者在造句功能上存有差异;在语用方面,二者在遵循语用原则方面有差异,分别是利他和利己的语言表达方式、体现不同的道歉策略和心理,使用情况受语境限制。
In modern Chinese, “Sorry” and “Sorry” are the same apologies, but there are actually many differences. In terms of semantics, both are used to apologize, but different degrees and semantics have different emphases; in terms of grammar, the two have different functions in making sentences; in terms of pragmatics, both have pragmatic principles Differences are altruistic and selfish language expressions, reflecting different apology strategies and psychology, the use of contextual constraints.