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为了指导琼东南盆地南部深水区的油气勘探,利用高精度三维地震资料对该区中新世地层开展生物礁识别、演化和主控因素研究,结果表明:生物礁在地震上呈丘状,顶底均为强振幅反射,内部杂乱,局部呈对称状,上覆地层可见上超反射,与LH11-1油田生物礁的地震反射特征极为相似;同时,在平面上研究区生物礁集中于东北部碳酸盐岩台地边缘及台地内部的构造高部位上;垂向上生物礁发育经历了多期的暴露—生长—淹没过程。相对海平面变化控制了生物礁的发育,其中相对海平面下降导致生物礁向海迁移并使早期生物礁遭受淋滤作用;而相对海平面上升引起生物礁向构造高部位迁移。除此之外,构造作用、陆源碎屑供给、古地理及古气候等因素也对生物礁的发育产生影响。
In order to guide the exploration of oil and gas in the deep water area in southern Qiongdongnan Basin, the identification, evolution and main controlling factors of reefs in the Miocene strata in the Miocene strata are studied by using high-precision 3D seismic data. The results show that the reefs are mound- At the end of the study, there are strong amplitude reflection, internal disorder and local symmetry, and super-reflection can be seen in the overlying strata, which is very similar to that of the LH11-1 oilfield reef. At the same time, the bioherms in the study area are concentrated in the northeast Carbonate platform margin and high tectonic site in the interior of the platform. The vertical reef reef experienced a period of exposure-growth-submergence. Changes in relative sea level control the development of reefs, in which the relative sea level declines lead to the reef migration to the sea and the leaching of early reefs; and the relative sea level rise causes the reefs to migrate towards the high tectonic positions. In addition, such factors as tectonic function, supply of terrigenous debris, palaeogeography and paleoclimate also affect the development of reefs.