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目的比较新疆地区新生儿不同喂养方式对儿童脂肪重聚(adiposity rebound,AR)年龄的影响,为儿童保健提供策略。方法本研究以新疆乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、阿勒泰市和伊宁市四个城市13所幼儿园为研究现场,从2014年4月开始,每6个月一次测量所有在读儿童身高及体重,共随访4次,通过体质指数(BMI)变化曲线最低点获得儿童AR时间。在基线时,对在读儿童家长进行问卷调查,收集母亲分娩方式、儿童出生体重、出生后4个月母乳喂养情况、家庭收入等信息。结果调查3~6岁儿童883名,男446名、女437名;汉族426名、维吾尔族275名、哈萨克族182名;超重/肥胖率为16.6%,该人群AR为(5.26±0.91)岁;与汉族相比,维吾尔族、哈萨克族以母乳喂养为主(P<0.001),家庭月收入高的家庭以人工喂养为主(P=0.022);通过多重线性回归分析控制上述因素后,人工喂养组儿童AR年龄小于4个月母乳喂养组儿童AR年龄,平均小0.165岁(B=-0.165,t=-2.15,P=0.032)。结论母乳喂养可以推迟AR年龄,从而可能减少儿童后期超重/肥胖发生。
Objective To compare the effects of different feeding modes of neonates on the age of children with adiposity rebound (AR) in Xinjiang and to provide strategies for child health care. Methods In this study, 13 kindergartens in Urumqi, Karamay, Altay and Yining were used as research sites. From April 2014, all the children under study were surveyed every 6 months for a total of 4 visits. Times, obtain the AR time of children through the lowest point of body mass index (BMI) curve. At baseline, parents of children under study were surveyed to collect information on mother’s delivery patterns, children’s birth weight, breastfeeding status at 4 months after birth, and household income. Results A total of 883 children aged 3 to 6 years, 446 male and 437 female, were enrolled in this study. 426 Han, 275 Uygur and 182 Kazakh were enrolled in the study. The overweight / obesity rate was 16.6%. The AR of this population was (5.26 ± 0.91) years (P <0.001). The families with high monthly household income were dominated by artificial feeding (P = 0.022). After controlling the above factors by multiple linear regression analysis, the labor costs of the Uygur and Kazakans Children in the feeding group had AR ages of less than 4 months in the breastfeeding group, averaging 0.165 years (B = -0.165, t = -2.15, P = 0.032). Conclusion Breastfeeding can delay the AR age, which may reduce the occurrence of overweight / obesity in later childhood.