论文部分内容阅读
目的评估2015年1月国内外突发公共卫生事件及需要关注传染病的风险。方法根据国内外突发公共卫生事件报告及重点传染病监测等各种资料和部门通报信息,采用专家会商法,并通过视频会议形式邀请省(直辖市、自治区)疾病预防控制中心专家参与评估。结果根据近期传染病和突发公共卫生事件监测数据,结合既往突发公共卫生事件发生情况及传染病流行特点分析,预计1月将是全年突发公共卫生事件报告数较少的月份之一,预计全国总报告事件数和病例数将较去年12月有所下降。2015年1月,埃博拉出血热病例输入我国的风险依然存在,在我国发生较大规模扩散的可能性极低;我国内地将继续出现人感染H7N9禽流感散发病例,不排除其他可感染人类的禽流感散发病例报告;流行性感冒等呼吸道传染病将出现季节性升高;目前正值诺如病毒等病毒性腹泻病发病高峰期,1-2月可能仍将出现暴发疫情;猩红热疫情已达冬季最高峰,随着学校和托幼机构放假,预计病例数将会有所减少;因燃煤取暖导致的非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件仍将持续一段时间。结论 2015年1月我国的突发公共卫生事件及传染病疫情发生态势与往年相似,处于全年较低水平;需关注埃博拉出血热、人禽流感、流行性感冒、诺如病毒感染性腹泻病、猩红热等传染病疫情以及非职业性一氧化碳中毒引发的公共卫生风险。
Objective To assess the public health emergencies at home and abroad in January 2015 and the need to pay attention to the risks of infectious diseases. Methods According to the reports of domestic and foreign public health emergencies and the monitoring of key infectious diseases, the expert consultation method was adopted to invite experts from provincial (municipalities and autonomous regions) CDC to participate in the assessment through video conferencing. Results According to the monitoring data of recent infectious diseases and public health emergencies, combined with the previous public health emergencies and the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases, it is estimated that January will be one of the months when the number of public health emergencies reported in the whole year is small It is estimated that the number of nationally reported incidents and the number of cases will decline from last December. In January 2015, the risk of imported Ebola haemorrhagic fever cases still exists in our country, and the possibility of large-scale spread in our country is extremely low. In mainland of China, human cases of H7N9 avian influenza infection will continue to occur, and other cases of human infection with human beings Of the cases of avian influenza sporadic cases; seasonal epidemics of respiratory infections such as influenza will be seasonal; now is the peak of the incidence of viral diarrhea such as Norovirus, 1-2 months may still be outbreaks; scarlet fever has been As winter peaks, the number of cases is expected to decrease as schools and kindergartens holiday; non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning caused by coal-fired heating will continue for some time. Conclusion In January 2015, the epidemic situation of public health emergencies and infectious diseases in China was similar to that in previous years and was at a low level throughout the year. Ebola haemorrhagic fever, human bird flu, influenza, norovirus infection Diarrheal diseases, epidemics of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, and public health risks from non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning.