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开展种子园全同胞家系造林试验不仅能够选择出优良杂交亲本和杂交组合,而且也能加快种子园的改良进程。本文以白桦种子园中产种母树为试材,按测交系交配设计进行控制杂交,共获得20个杂交组合,在帽儿山试验点营造试验林,对6年生试验林各组合的树高、胸径和材积等性状进行调查分析。树高、胸径和材积生长量在不同母本子代间和不同杂交组合间均表现极显著的差异(P<0.01),胸径与材积性状在不同父本子代间也表现显著的差异(P<0.05)。根据多重比较结果分别进行了优良父本和优良母本的初选,同时,采用多目标决策法对参试的杂交组合进行多性状综合评价,将综合评价值大于0.80的前5位组合评选为优良杂交组合,入选率为25.00%,其中Q2和Q19家系为最优杂交组合。入选的优良杂交组合各性状均值分别较参试整体均值高3.85%、10.01%、20.82%,3个性状的遗传增益分别为2.90%、7.64%、16.22%。研究结果不仅为白桦全同胞子代选择提供理论依据,而且也为白桦高世代种子园的亲本选配提供参考。
Carrying out afforestation experiments in all-sib family of seed orchard can not only select excellent hybrid parents and hybrid combinations, but also accelerate the process of seed orchard improvement. In this paper, the parent tree of Betula platyphylla seedlings was used as the test material, and the crossbreeding design was used to control the hybridization. A total of 20 hybrid combinations were obtained, and the experimental forest was constructed at Maoershan experimental site. The tree height, DBH and volume traits such as investigation and analysis. The tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and volume growth of seedlings showed significant differences (P <0.01) between different generations of offspring and different hybrid combinations (P <0.05) ). According to the results of multiple comparisons, the primaries of elite male parents and elite female parents were respectively selected. At the same time, the multi-objective decision-making method was used to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the hybrids tested. The first five combinations with the comprehensive evaluation value> 0.80 Excellent hybrid combinations, the selection rate was 25.00%, of which Q2 and Q19 lines for the optimal hybrid combinations. The average of all the traits in the selected elite hybrid combinations were 3.85%, 10.01% and 20.82% higher than that of the whole experiment respectively. The genetic gains of the three traits were 2.90%, 7.64% and 16.22%, respectively. The results not only provide the theoretical basis for the selection of the entire sibling seed of Betula platyphylla, but also provide a reference for the parent matching of the high-generation seed orchard of Betula platyphylla.