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目的探讨应用失效模式与效应分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,FMEA)降低手术室电外科设备使用风险的效果。方法根据FMEA方法,设立手术室电外科设备使用风险控制小组,识别手术室电外科设备使用的潜在失效模式,并对其发生的严重度、发生概率及检测的难易度进行评价打分,计算其失效原因的风险优先指数,根据所得结果制定并落实相应改进措施。结果在使用安全评估、规范执行流程、专项培训、应急能力等措施后风险优先指数均有所下降,下降率分别为74.4%、73.4%、84.7%、76.7%;通过干预,手术室护理人员理论知识和操作技能的成绩较干预前明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 FEMA运用于手术室电外科设备管理,能够排序优先解决问题,控制潜在的风险,保障患者安全。
Objective To explore the effect of reducing the risk of using electrosurgical equipment in operating room by using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Methods According to the FMEA method, a risk control team of operating room electrosurgical equipment was set up to identify the potential failure modes of electrosurgical equipment used in the operating room. The severity, probability of occurrence and the difficulty of testing were rated and scored. Risk priority index of failure causes, according to the results of the development and implementation of the corresponding improvement measures. Results The risk priority index decreased by 74.4%, 73.4%, 84.7% and 76.7% respectively after using measures such as safety assessment, standardizing the implementation process, special training and emergency response ability. Through the intervention, the operating room nursing staff theory The scores of knowledge and skills were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.001). Conclusions FEMA is used in the management of electrosurgical equipment in the operating room. It can prioritize problem solving, control potential risks and ensure patient safety.