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在第二次世界大战中,英国取得了胜利,但大战给英国带来了沉重的打击。大战消耗了英国250亿英镑的物资,丧失了战前的大部分黄金储备,减少了70%的出口贸易和40多亿美元的海外投资。战争结束时,英国外债高达34亿英镑,工业总产值比1938年减少了20%。英国的经济衰退,财政困难。英国“赢得了战争,却输掉了优势。”同时,美苏两国的经济、政治、军事实力大大增强。由于国家实力对比发生了极大的变化,国际关系格局随之发生了重大的变化:美苏加紧争夺世界霸
In the Second World War, Britain won the war, but the war brought a heavy blow to Britain. The war cost the UK 25 billion pounds of goods, lost most of its pre-war gold reserves, reduced its export trade by 70 percent and its overseas investment of more than 4 billion U.S. dollars. At the end of the war, the British foreign debt reached as high as 3.4 billion pounds, and its industrial output value dropped by 20% over 1938. Britain’s economic recession, financial difficulties. Britain “won the war but lost its advantage.” Meanwhile, the economic, political and military strength of the United States and the Soviet Union has greatly increased. Due to great changes in the balance of state power, the pattern of international relations has undergone major changes in the following direction: the United States and the Soviet Union are stepping up their fight for world tyrants