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众所周知,语言中的虚拟位移不同于现实物理世界中的真实位移。本文拟从认知语言学视角来探讨虚拟位移语法构式的特征。首先,虚拟位移结构需要主体、位移、参照框架、路径等四种语义要素;其次,认知主体在心理空间上沿着一定的路径按照顺序扫描或总体扫描的方式对认知对象构建起认知通达。此外,我们认为虚拟位移构式具有“通过把实际物理空间的移动投射到心理空间,认知主体在认知对象上沿着某个路径进行移动”这样的语用含意,亦即语法构式意义。因此,从构式语法的视角重新审视虚拟位移这一语言现象对于虚拟位移研究具有一定的启示作用。
It is well known that the virtual displacement in the language is different from the real displacement in the real physical world. This paper intends to explore the features of the grammatical construction of virtual displacement from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. First of all, the virtual displacement structure needs four semantic elements: subject, displacement, frame of reference and path. Second, the cognitive subject constructs the cognitive object in a certain path along the path of sequential scanning or general scanning in the psychological space Mastery. In addition, we think that the virtual displacement structure has the pragmatic meaning of “projecting the movement of the actual physical space into the psychological space and the cognitive subject moving along a certain path on the cognitive object”, that is, the grammatical structure Meaning. Therefore, reviewing the linguistic phenomenon of virtual displacement from the perspective of constructive grammar has certain enlightenment on the study of virtual displacement.