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目的研究ｍｄｍ２基因在原发性肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）中的表达并探讨其与ｐ５３基因突变的关系．方法用银染ＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ法检测ｐ５３基因第５～８外显子的突变，原位杂交检测ｍｄｍ２基因ｍＲＮＡ的表达，ＳＡＢＣ法检测ｍｄｍ２蛋白的表达．结果３９３％（１１／２８）的病例有异常的电泳迁移率．ｐ５３基因突变与肿瘤的大小、分化及转移无关．原位杂交显示９例ＨＣＣ出现ｍｄｍ２基因ｍＲＮＡ增加，７例ＨＣＣ可检测到ｍｄｍ２蛋白表达，ｍｄｍ２基因表达与ＨＣＣ的大小、分化及是否转移无关．Ⅰ～Ⅱ级ＨＣＣ中ｍｄｍ２阳性表达率（１３３％）明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ级ＨＣＣ中的阳性表达率（５３８％）．１１例有ｐ５３基因突变的ＨＣＣ中，只有３例出现ｍｄｍ２基因表达，另外６例有ｍｄｍ２过表达的ＨＣＣ未见ｐ５３基因突变．ｐ５３基因突变的ＨＣＣ与ｐ５３基因无突变的ＨＣＣ相比，ｍｄｍ２基因表达阳性率无显著差别．结论ｐ５３基因突变和ｍｄｍ２基因表达在原发性ＨＣＣ的发病中起重要作用．ｍｄｍ２基因表达与ＨＣＣ的恶性程度相关．ｍｄｍ２基因表达与ｐ５３基因是否突变无关．
Objective To investigate the expression of mdm2 gene in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore its relationship with p53 gene mutation. Methods The mutation of exon 5-8 of p53 gene was detected by silver stain PCR-SSCP method. The mRNA expression of mdm2 gene was detected by in situ hybridization. The expression of mdm2 protein was detected by SABC method. Results 39.9% (11/28) cases had abnormal electrophoretic mobility. The p53 gene mutation was not associated with tumor size, differentiation and metastasis. In situ hybridization showed that mdm2 mRNA increased in 9 cases of HCC, and mdm2 protein was detected in 7 cases of HCC. The expression of mdm2 gene was not related to the size, differentiation and metastasis of HCC. The positive expression rate of mdm2 in I-II HCC (13. 3%) was significantly lower than that in III-IV HCC (53.8%). Of the 11 cases of HCC with p53 mutation, only 3 cases showed mdm2 gene expression. The other 6 cases with mdm2 overexpressed HCC had no p53 gene mutation. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of mdm2 gene expression between the HCC with p53 gene mutation and the p53 gene without mutation. Conclusion The p53 gene mutation and mdm2 gene expression play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary HCC. Mdm2 gene expression correlates with the degree of malignancy of HCC. The mdm2 gene expression was not related to mutation of p53 gene.