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[目的]描述北京市流动孕妇的营养知识、态度及饮食行为(KAP)现状,探讨其影响因素,为城市流动孕妇营养保健工作提供科学依据。[方法]采用问卷调查法对北京市近郊区150名流动孕妇和150名户籍孕妇进行调查。[结果]流动孕妇的营养KAP水平较差,总分合格率为52.32%,其中营养知识知晓及格率仅为27.15%。流动孕妇在“钙的最佳食物来源”和“孕期为什么补充叶酸”等知识上低于户籍孕妇,差异有统计学意义,营养态度普遍较好,对孕妇和胎儿健康特别重要的畜禽肉类、蛋类、水产品类、奶类、豆类及坚果、动物内脏和血摄入频率不足,尤其是蛋类明显低于户籍孕妇;对流动孕妇的营养K、A、P之间进行相关性分析发现,K、A、P之间具有明显相关性,K-A相关系数为0.4;K-P相关系数为0.3,A-P相关系数为0.2。孕妇营养KAP水平主要受孕妇学历的影响,偏回归系数β值为3.6。孕妇获得营养知识的主要途径是网络。[结论]目前北京市流动孕妇的营养知识和饮食行为仍存在一定问题,应加强对流动孕妇进行营养知识和孕期正确生活方式的宣传及指导。
[Objective] To describe the nutrition knowledge, attitude and dietary behavior (KAP) status of migrant pregnant women in Beijing and to explore the influencing factors, to provide a scientific basis for nutrition and health care for migrant women in urban areas. [Methods] A survey of 150 migrant pregnant women and 150 pregnant women registered in the suburbs of Beijing was conducted by questionnaire. [Result] The level of nutrition KAP in pregnant women was poor with the total pass rate of 52.32%, of which nutrition knowledge was only 27.15%. Mobile pregnant women in the “best dietary sources of calcium” and “why is folic acid supplementation during pregnancy” and other knowledge than pregnant women, the difference was statistically significant, generally better nutritional attitude, especially important for pregnant women and fetal health Animals and poultry meat, eggs, aquatic products, dairy products, beans and nuts, animal offal and blood intake frequency is not enough, especially the eggs were significantly lower than pregnant women; nutrition of mobile pregnant women K, A, P Correlation analysis showed that K, A, P had significant correlation, KA correlation coefficient of 0.4; KP correlation coefficient of 0.3, AP correlation coefficient of 0.2. The level of nutritional KAP in pregnant women is mainly influenced by the educational level of pregnant women, and the partial regression coefficient β is 3.6. The main way pregnant women gain nutritional knowledge is the internet. [Conclusion] At present, the nutrition knowledge and diet behavior of migrant pregnant women in Beijing still have some problems. It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and guidance on nutrition knowledge and correct life style of pregnant women during pregnancy.