列夫·托尔斯泰是十九世纪后期俄国批判现实主义的伟大作家。他的文学创作成就,远远超出了俄国国界,达到了这一时期资产阶级批判现实主义的高峰。如同其他资产阶级批判现实主义作家一样,列夫·托尔斯泰的世界观也不可避免地充满了矛盾,并且越到后期越尖锐,终于导致了他弃家出走、病死异乡的悲惨境地。他的不可调合的世界观的矛盾,当然也明显地表现在一生的文学创作上面。恰如其分地应用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法,全面地分析他世界观的矛盾性及产生这些矛盾的原因,探求其在文学创作中的反映,对于我们批判地继承列夫·托尔斯泰留下的宝贵文学遗产,对其毕生的文学道路作出公允的评价,无疑是十分必要的。 Leo Tolstoy was a great writer of Russian critical realism in the late nineteenth century. His achievements in literary creation went far beyond the borders of Russia and reached the peak of bourgeois critical realism during this period. Like other bourgeois critical realist writers, Lev Tolstoy’s worldview is also inevitably full of contradictions, and the sharper the latter, the more it leads to the tragic end of abandonment of his family and the death of a strange land. Of course, the contradictions of his irreconcilable world outlook are obviously manifested in his literary creation throughout his life. Appropriately apply the Marxist standpoint, viewpoints and methods, comprehensively analyze the contradictions of his worldview and the causes of these contradictions, and seek their reflection in literary creation, leaving behind our critically inheritance of Leo Tolstoy It is undoubtedly necessary to give a fair assessment of the literary path of his life.