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干旱是影响玉米生产的主要因素之一,培育耐旱品种可以有效地保持其在干旱环境下的产量稳定性。随着生物信息学数据库的不断完善及基因组学技术的发展,耐旱通用QTL(Quantitative trait locus)的发掘为分子育种提供了新的机遇和方法。本研究在已发掘的耐旱通用QTL基础上,选取相关的18个连锁标记进行开发并且验证在不同种质背景下24份玉米自交系的耐旱性。结果表明,共检测出42个多态性位点,平均多态性信息量为0.4245;通过GGT32(Graphical GenoTypes)图示基因型软件分析SSR位点,得出umc2217、umc2029、phi099、umc1213和phi022这5个连锁标记可用来初步鉴定玉米耐旱性;利用卡方检验,得出phi022和umc2217均达到显著水平,其与耐旱密切相关。因此,这几个连锁标记不仅可被用于相应群体的耐旱分子标记辅助选择,而且为以后的标记辅助选择及抗旱性基因克隆的研究打下基础。
Drought is one of the main factors that affect maize production. Cultivating drought-tolerant cultivars can effectively maintain its yield stability under drought conditions. With the continuous improvement of bioinformatics databases and the development of genomics techniques, the discovery of QTLs for Quantitative Trait Locus has provided new opportunities and methods for molecular breeding. In this study, based on the common QTLs for drought tolerance, we selected 18 linkage markers for development and verified the drought tolerance of 24 maize inbred lines with different germplasm backgrounds. The results showed that a total of 42 polymorphic loci were detected with an average of 0.4245. According to the Graphical Genotypes (GGT32) genotyping software, SSR loci were analyzed to obtain umc2217, umc2029, phi099, umc1213 and phi022 The five linkage markers could be used to identify the drought resistance of maize. Using chi-square test, it was concluded that both phi022 and umc2217 reached significant levels, which were closely related to drought tolerance. Therefore, these linkage markers not only can be used for drought-tolerant molecular marker-assisted selection of the corresponding groups, but also lay the foundation for the future research of marker-assisted selection and drought resistance gene cloning.