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为揭示机直播下不同基因型早籼稻品种生育特性及产量形成的播期效应,研究播期对水稻产量及品质形成的影响,以冷敏感品种株两优819、中嘉早17和耐冷品种五丰优623、湘早籼6号为供试材料,设置提早播种(3月21日,S)和正常时期播种(4月5日,CK)2个处理。结果表明:提早15 d播种,不同类型早稻品种全生育期平均延长5 d,播抽历期平均推迟3.7 d,且秧苗出苗率降低,以冷敏感品种受播期影响效应高于耐冷品种;早播处理水稻产量总体低于正常播种处理;提早播种降低叶面积指数;与CK相比,早播处理降低稻米的出糙率、精米率、整精米率、直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量,影响了淀粉粘滞特性,但增加了稻米的垩白率、垩白度与胶稠度,不利于稻米外观品质的改善。
In order to reveal the characteristics of sowing date and the sowing date of different genotypes of indica rice under direct seeding, the effects of sowing date on the yield and quality of rice were studied. The effects of sowing date on the yield and quality of paddy rice were studied. The cold sensitive varieties Liangyou 819, Zhongjiaza 17 and cold- Fengyou 623 and Xiangzaoxian 6 were used as experimental materials and two treatments of early sowing (March 21, S) and normal period sowing (April 5, CK) were set. The results showed that: Early sowing of 15 d, the average growth of different types of early rice varieties throughout the growing period of 5 d, sowing the average postponed for 3.7 days, and the seedling emergence rate decreased to cold sensitive varieties affected by the sowing date cold-resistant varieties; Compared with CK, the early sowing treatment reduced the browning rate, milled rice rate, milled rice rate, amylose content and protein content of rice, which affected the yield of rice Starch viscosity, but increased the chalky rice rate, chalkiness and gel consistency, is not conducive to the improvement of rice appearance quality.