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一、前言在校验热电偶时,首先要求校验电炉的炉温十分稳定,其次希望龟炉升温快速,以提高工作效率。笔者在1985年研制的一台热电偶自动校验装置中采用了单板机,一方面实现了高精度的数据采集,另一方面也比较理想地实现了上述控温要求。由工业热电偶校验规程可知,校验电炉的常用工作温度为300～1000℃,偏离检定点的温度值可按土5℃掌握,而温度的稳定性则要求较高,不得低于0.5℃/5分。为减少升温时间,拟采用时间最优(Bang-Bang)控制。在偏差较小时改用PID调节,其框图见图1,其中的P、1参数是可变的。
First, the preamble In the calibration thermocouple, first of all required to verify the furnace temperature is very stable, and secondly, hope turtle furnace heating fast, in order to improve work efficiency. The author in 1985 developed a thermocouple automatic calibration device using a single board machine, on the one hand to achieve a high-precision data acquisition, on the other hand also ideal to achieve the above temperature control requirements. By the industrial thermocouple verification procedures, the common working temperature of the verification electric furnace is 300 ~ 1000 ℃, the temperature deviation from the verification point can be grasped by the soil 5 ℃, while the temperature stability requires a higher, not less than 0.5 ℃ / 5 minutes. In order to reduce the heating time, it is proposed to use the best time (Bang-Bang) control. In small deviations switch to PID regulation, the block diagram shown in Figure 1, in which the P, 1 parameters are variable.