目的探讨肩难产的高危因素,尽量避免肩难产对新生儿及母体的损伤,有效降低医疗事故纠纷的发生。方法回顾分析我院5年来发生的肩难产5例,比较其发生的高危因素和并发症。结果巨大儿、相对性头盆不称、宫缩乏力是发生肩难产的高危因素,并发症多为臂丛神经损伤、新生儿颅内出血、缺血缺氧行脑病、新生儿重度窒息、骨折等。母体发生产后大出血的几率大。结论巨大儿、相对性头盆不称、宫缩乏力是肩难产的高危因素,早期预测、识别、充分告知孕妇和家属风险,对高风险者及早行剖宫产和正确处理肩难产对母儿预后至关重要。 Objective To investigate the risk factors of shoulder dystocia, try to avoid shoulder dystocia neonatal and maternal damage, effectively reduce the incidence of medical malpractice. Methods A retrospective analysis of 5 cases of shoulder dystocia occurred in our hospital in 5 cases, the occurrence of high risk factors and complications. The results of huge children, the relative head basin is not known, uterine inertia is the risk of shoulder dystocia, complications are mostly brachial plexus injury, neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal severe asphyxia, fractures . Maternal postpartum hemorrhage probability. Conclusions The huge children, the relative head basin is not known, uterine inertia is a high risk factor for shoulder dystocia, early prediction, identification, fully informed of the risks of pregnant women and their families, early cesarean section at high risk and correct handling of dystocia Prognosis is crucial.