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禁忌是一种普遍存在的民俗事象,对于人们的观念和行为具有重要影响。禁忌与崇拜有着十分深刻的内在联系。一百年前,奥地利著名心理学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(Sigmund Freud)对禁忌与图腾崇拜二者之间的关系有过重要论述,1913年出版的《图腾与禁忌》一书指出了禁忌所包含的两种矛盾情感。他说:“Taboo‘塔怖’(禁忌),就我们看来,它代表了两种不同方面的意义:首先,是‘崇高的’、‘神圣的’;另一方面,则是‘神秘的’、‘危险的’、‘禁止的’、‘不洁的’。”①弗洛伊德第一次准确地揭示了禁忌所包含的两种相互对立的情感,这是他的重要发现。
Taboo is a ubiquitous folklore that has an important impact on people’s attitudes and behaviors. Taboo and worship have a very deep intrinsic relationship. A hundred years ago Sigmund Freud, a famous Austrian psychologist, had an important account of the relationship between taboo and totem worship. In 1913, the book Totem and Taboo Pointed out two contradictory emotions contained in taboo. He said: “Taboo” (taboo), in our opinion, represents two different aspects: first, ’sublime’ and ’holy’; on the other hand, it is’ mystic Dangerous, forbidden, unclean. "① Freud, for the first time, accurately revealed the two opposing emotions contained in the taboo, an important finding of him .