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农药液滴在靶标植物叶片表面的蒸发是农药对靶沉积后的重要过程,也是影响农药利用率和对有害生物防控效果的关键。液滴蒸发过程存在多种模式:接触半径恒定的CCR(Constant contact radius)模式、接触角恒定的CCA(Constant contact angle)模式以及混合模式(Mixed mode)等,不同蒸发模式下液滴的形态变化及蒸发时间均有一定差异。文章综述了液滴在光滑固体界面、人工修饰后具有不同微观结构的粗糙界面以及不同植物界面上的蒸发动力学研究进展。现有研究表明:在光滑固体界面上,液滴蒸发速率随蒸发时间呈线性变化趋势;在不同微观结构修饰后的粗糙界面上,液滴蒸发速率和蒸发模式受固体表面特性的影响;在不同植物界面上,叶片表面的微观结构与组分特性是影响农药液滴在叶片上沉积、持留、铺展及药液渗透过程的重要因素,富含蜡质层以及微纳米结构的叶片,一般不易被农药液滴润湿,液滴铺展面积小,蒸发相对较慢。通过加深对靶标植物叶片表面农药液滴蒸发行为的认知,可以根据有害生物为害特性与有效防控剂量需求,合理调控农药液滴在靶标植物叶面的蒸发时间,同时可为指导农药制剂中表面活性剂的合理应用及提高农药有效利用率提供理论依据。
The evaporation of pesticide droplets on the target plant leaf surface is an important process after the pesticide is deposited on the target. It is also the key factor that affects pesticide utilization rate and pest control effect. Droplet evaporation process has many modes: CCR (Constant Contact Radius) mode with constant contact radius, CCA (Constant contact angle) mode with constant contact angle and mixed mode, etc., the morphological changes of droplets under different evaporation modes And evaporation time are a certain difference. In this paper, the research progress of the droplet on the smooth solid interface, the rough interface with different microstructures after artificial modification and the evaporation kinetics at different plant interfaces are reviewed. The existing studies show that the droplet evaporation rate changes linearly with the evaporation time on a smooth solid interface. The droplet evaporation rate and the evaporation mode are affected by the solid surface properties at the different roughness-modified interface of the microstructure. Plant interface, the leaf surface microstructure and composition characteristics of the pesticide droplets on the leaves of deposition, retention, spreading and liquid infiltration process an important factor, rich in waxy layer and micro-nano-structure of the leaves, generally not easy to be Pesticide droplets wetting, droplet spreading area is small, evaporation is relatively slow. By deepening the cognition of pesticide droplet evaporation behavior on the target plant leaf surface, the evaporation time of the pesticide droplet on the target plant leaf surface can be reasonably regulated according to the pest damage characteristic and the effective dose requirement for prevention and control, and at the same time, The rational use of surfactants and improve the effective utilization of pesticides to provide a theoretical basis.