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物质文明、政治文明、精神文明是现代国家建设与发展的三大目标。虽然各国对三大目标的表述不尽相同,但普遍认为物质文明的基础是经济,政治文明的基础是民主法制,精神文明的基础是思想文化与道德。自改革开放以来,我国在经济建设、民主法制建设和思想文化与道德建设方面取得了巨大的成就。1982年宪法序言中就提出了要把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。中共十五大报告提出了“依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家”的治国方略,1999年全国人大常委会又通过宪法修正案,把“依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家”这一法治原则载入了宪法。中共十六大报告在谈到政治建设和政治体制改革时又进一步明确提出:“发展社会主义民主政治,建设社会主义政治文明,是全面
Material civilization, political civilization and spiritual civilization are the three major goals of the construction and development of the modern nation. Although all countries have different expressions of the three major objectives, it is generally believed that the foundation of material civilization is economy, the foundation of political civilization is democracy and legal system, and spiritual civilization is based on ideological culture and morality. Since the reform and opening up, our country has made tremendous achievements in economic construction, construction of democratic legal system and ideological culture and moral construction. In the preamble to the 1982 Constitution, it was proposed that China should be built into a prosperous, democratic and civilized socialist country. The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Congress put forward the strategy of running the country by ”governing the country according to law and building a socialist country under the rule of law.“ In 1999, the NPC Standing Committee passed the amendment to the Constitution and adopted the principle of ”governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law.“ The rule of law is enshrined in the constitution. When it comes to political reform and political restructuring, the report of the 16th CPC National Congress further clarified that ”the development of socialist democratic politics and building a socialist political civilization are all-round