论文部分内容阅读
北魏官制是北族与华夏两个传统遭遇、碰撞、调适的结果,时代越早,其中的北族特性与相对于汉晋制度的特殊性就越明显。由侍臣、内职与外臣组成的圈层构造是北魏前期最根本的官僚组织形式,从道武帝初登代王之位到孝文帝迁洛前夕,该体系长期存在。根据这一认识,结合《文成帝南巡碑》碑阴题名的材料,可使侍中、内羽真、殿中尚书、内都幢将、内阿干等“内侍之官”的面貌更为清晰,内职武卫的等级序列与统辖关系也可以复原。侍臣、内职与外臣的体系在政治生活的诸多层面都发挥着作用,皇帝亦将其作为操纵官僚集团的框架。这对理解北魏前期的国家体制具有重要意义。
The official system of Northern Wei Dynasty was the result of collision and adjustment between Bei and Huaxia. The earlier the time, the more obvious the characteristics of Bei nationality and its particularity relative to the Han and Jin dynasties. The formation of the circle composed of the minister, the native and the foreign minister is the most fundamental form of bureaucratic organization in the early Northern Wei Dynasty. The system existed for a long time from the moment when the first Emperor Daodao took the throne to Emperor Xiaowen to move to the throne. According to this understanding, combining with the material of the title of Beiyin in the “Wencheng Diliu Nanxun Monument”, the appearance of Shi Zhong, Yu Yu Zhen, Dian Zhong Shang Shu, Clear, in-house Wu Wei rank sequence and the relationship between the jurisdiction can be restored. The servile, internal and foreign ministries played a role in many aspects of political life, and the emperor used it as a framework for manipulating bureaucratic groups. This is of great significance for the understanding of the pre-Northern Wei state system.