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甘露醇是一种已醇,其高渗溶液(20％)为渗透性利尿药,具有降低颅内压、眼内压和利尿作用。机制主要是本品不被肾小管对水和钠离子的再吸收,也影响集合管对水的再吸收,另外还可因扩充血容量,增高有效滤过压,提高肾血流量和肾小球滤过率而产生利尿作用,临床常用以治疗脑水肿、青光眼及预防急性肾功能衰竭。今将其近年来在儿科应用进展作一介绍。
Mannitol is a kind of alcohol, and its hypertonic solution (20%) is an osmotic diuretic, which can reduce intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure and diuretic effect. The mechanism is mainly that the product is not reabsorbed by the renal tubular against water and sodium ions, but also affects the reabsorption of water by the collecting pipe. In addition, it can increase renal blood flow and glomerular volume by expanding blood volume, increasing effective filtration pressure, Filtration rate and diuretic effect, commonly used in clinical treatment of cerebral edema, glaucoma and prevention of acute renal failure. Now in recent years in pediatric applications for an introduction.