一、引言日益加剧的生态危机引起了人类对自身生存环境的关注,早在1978年著名的批评学家威廉·鲁克特第一次在《文学与生态学:一次生态批评实验》中提出了“生态批评”这一概念。生态批评,简单来说,就是研究文学和物质环境的关系,是以地球为中心,而非以人类为中心进行的文学研究。所谓以地球为中心,即指以整个生态作为中心,这也是生态批评理论的核心原则。生态批评理论还强调以生态系统为中心,整 I. INTRODUCTION The growing ecological crisis has aroused the concern of mankind for his own living environment. As early as 1978, the famous critic Wilhelm Rucker first proposed in “Literature and Ecology: An Ecocriticism Experiment” “Ecocriticism ” concept. Ecocriticism, in simple terms, is the study of the relationship between literature and the physical environment. It is based on the Earth rather than human beings. The so-called earth as the center, which refers to the entire ecology as the center, which is also the core principle of ecological criticism theory. Ecocriticism also emphasizes the ecological system as the center