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为了确定双挂汽车操纵稳定性的评价指标并进行横向稳定性分析,在分析国外多挂汽车列车研究现状的基础上,分别总结了结构参数和使用参数以及各种主动控制策略对多挂汽车列车横向稳定性的影响。与中国汽车列车操纵稳定性评价方法相比,针对多挂汽车列车增加了后部放大系数(RWA)和轨迹偏移量(Off-tracking)2种横向稳定性评价指标;构建了横摆运动和侧向运动的双挂汽车列车动力学模型,仿真阶跃响应下各个车辆单元侧向速度、横摆角速度、侧向-横摆相轨迹、侧向加速度以及铰接角的变化,并分别计算以横摆角速度和侧向加速度为基准的RWA值,将计算结果与国外相关研究文献进行了比较。结果表明:当牵引车和一挂车的侧向速度最大值分别为1.15,0.89m·s~(-1)时,对应拖台和二挂车的侧向速度最大值分别为2.81,1.31m·s~(-1),证明其为双挂汽车列车发生失稳的主要影响因素;由横摆角速度、侧向加速度对应的RWA值分别为1.14和1.54可知,以侧向加速度为基准的RWA值更能反映车辆的后部放大状态;由牵引车与一挂车之间的铰接角为5.9°,拖台与二挂车之间的铰接角为9.6°,而一挂车与拖台之间的铰接角恢复到0可知,一挂车与拖台的链接形式比第5轮式的铰接形式更稳定,且恢复到稳定状态时间更短;研究结果可为双挂汽车列车操纵稳定性评价指标的确定及应用提供参考。
In order to determine the evaluation index of the handling stability of double-linked vehicles and carry out the analysis of lateral stability, based on the analysis of the current research status of the multi-linked vehicles in foreign countries, the structural parameters and the use parameters as well as various active control strategies are summarized. The impact of lateral stability. Compared with the evaluation method of vehicle handling stability in China, two kinds of transverse stability evaluation indexes of rearward amplification factor (RWA) and trajectory offset (Off-tracking) are added for multi-linked vehicle trains. Lateral movement of the double-linked car train dynamics model, the simulation step response of each vehicle unit lateral velocity, yaw rate, lateral - yaw trajectory, lateral acceleration and articulation angle changes, and were calculated to horizontal Swing angular velocity and lateral acceleration as the reference RWA value, the calculation results are compared with the relevant foreign research literature. The results show that when the maximum lateral speed of tractor and trailer is 1.15,0.89m · s -1, the maximum lateral velocity of tractor and trailer is 2.81 and 1.31m · s respectively ~ (-1). It is proved that the RWA values of the double-linked car train are 1.14 and 1.54, respectively. The RWA value based on the lateral acceleration is more Can reflect the magnified state of the rear of the vehicle; the articulation angle between the tractor and a trailer is 5.9 °, the articulation angle between the towing platform and the two trailers is 9.6 °, and the articulation angle between a trailer and the towing platform restores It can be seen that the link form of a trailer and a trailing platform is more stable than that of the fifth wheel type and resumes to a steady state for a shorter time. The research results can be provided for the determination and application of the evaluation indexes for handling stability of a double-linked car reference.