雌激素受体 (ER)是核受体超家族的成员 ,具有转录因子的作用 ,包括ERα和ERβ两种亚型 ,两种受体亚型在雌激素信号转导中发挥的作用及其相互关系尚不十分清楚。雌激素通过其受体介导的机制具有直接刺激成骨细胞和破骨细胞的作用 ,雌激素缺乏会导致骨质疏松症。同时 ,雌激素受体基因及其多态性与骨质疏松的发生关系密切 ;雌激素受体调控剂已成为治疗骨质疏松的药物 Estrogen receptors (ERs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily and function as transcription factors, including both ERα and ERβ subtypes. The roles of the two receptor subtypes in estrogen signaling and their interaction with each other The relationship is not yet clear. Estrogen, through its receptor-mediated mechanism, has the effect of directly stimulating osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and estrogen deficiency can lead to osteoporosis. At the same time, the estrogen receptor gene and its polymorphism are closely related to the occurrence of osteoporosis; estrogen receptor modulators have become the drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis