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[目的]了解不同强度干预措施对建筑工人艾滋病、性病知晓率的影响,为有效开展建筑工地艾滋病、性病预防干预工作提供依据。[方法]选择上海市徐汇区6个工地的620名工人进行面对面问卷调查,并在不同的建筑工地分别施加不同强度的干预措施,观察工人艾滋病性病相关知识的变化情况。[结果]高、中、低度干预组两次随访艾滋病、性病相关知识水平都有明显上升;HIV传播途径的知晓率较高,非HIV传播途径的知晓率较低,但后者干预后知识增长速度远远快于前者;艾滋病传播途径知识得分变化趋势为低度干预组缓慢升高、中度干预组升高后速度趋缓、高度干预组快速升高后保持较高水平。[结论]建筑工人的艾滋病、性病知识水平得到显著提高;干预措施强度越高,近期效果越明显;高度干预措施远期效果明显,而低度和中度干预措施远期效果相近;三种不同强度的干预方式对预防艾滋病、性病均效果良好,在实际工作中可视具体条件选定干预措施;本研究的经验可为相似人群的研究提供参考和借鉴。
[Objective] To understand the impact of different intensity interventions on awareness of AIDS and STD in construction workers and provide the basis for effective prevention and treatment of AIDS and STD in construction sites. [Methods] A total of 620 workers at 6 sites in Xuhui District of Shanghai were selected to conduct face-to-face questionnaire survey. Different intensity interventions were applied to different construction sites to observe the changes of AIDS-related STD knowledge among workers. [Results] The knowledge level of STD related to AIDS was significantly higher in the high, medium and low intervention groups than in the two follow-up groups. The awareness rate of HIV transmission was higher and the non-HIV awareness was lower, but the knowledge of the latter after intervention The growth rate is much faster than the former; the trend of knowledge score of AIDS transmission route is slowly increasing in the low-intervention group; the moderate intervention group is slowing down after rising; the high-intervention group is keeping a relatively high level after rising rapidly. [Conclusion] The knowledge level of HIV / AIDS and STD in construction workers was significantly increased. The higher the intensity of interventions, the more obvious the effect was in the near future. The long-term effect of altitude intervention was obvious, while the long-term effects of low and moderate interventions were similar. Three different Intensive interventions have a good effect on preventing AIDS and venereal diseases. In practical work, interventions can be selected according to specific conditions. The experience of this study can provide reference and reference for the study of similar populations.