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目的:优化番石榴叶总黄酮提取工艺,并筛选抑菌活性部位。方法:乙醇回流提取番石榴叶黄酮,紫外分光光度法测定黄酮含量,正交试验优化提取工艺;采用纸片扩散法对番石榴叶醇提物分别经石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取的部位进行抑菌实验。结果:最佳工艺:80%乙醇,料液比=1∶25(g∶m L),提取3次,每次1 h,总黄酮提取率为46.71 mg·g-1。对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抑菌活性大小为:乙酸乙酯萃取部位>正丁醇萃取部位>萃余相>60%乙醇总提物;对枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌活性大小为:正丁醇萃取部位>乙酸乙酯萃取部位>萃余相>60%乙醇总提物。结论:番石榴叶提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌均可产生抑菌效果。乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取部位抑菌效果较好。
Objective: To optimize the extraction of total flavonoids from guava leaves and screen the active site of antibacterial activity. Methods: The flavonoids of guava leaves were extracted by ethanol refluxing, the flavonoids were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the optimum extraction process was optimized by orthogonal test. The alcohol extract of guava leaves were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol Part of the antibacterial experiment. Results: The optimum conditions were 80% ethanol, solid-liquid ratio = 1:25 (g: ml), extraction time 3 times, extraction time per hour, total flavonoids extraction rate was 46.71 mg · g-1. The antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were as follows: ethyl acetate extract> n-butanol extract> raffinate> 60% ethanol extract; the antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis was n-butanol Extraction site> Ethyl acetate extract> raffinate> 60% ethanol extract. Conclusion: Guava leaf extract can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol extraction site antibacterial effect is better.