HBV是一种引起人体肝炎的DNA病毒,流行病学资料表明,它与人原发性肝癌的发生密切相关。近年来,又发现了几种能引起动物肝炎的DNA病毒,如土拨鼠肝炎病毒(WHV),地松鼠肝炎病毒(GSHV)及鸭肝炎病毒(DHBV)。它们已被分类为嗜肝病毒(Hepadna Viruses)。本文对HBV的结构、HBV的复制过程以及它在人原发性肝癌发生过程中可能的作用进行讨论。 HBV is a DNA virus that causes human hepatitis. Epidemiological data show that it is closely related to the occurrence of human primary liver cancer. In recent years, several DNA viruses capable of causing hepatitis in animals have also been discovered, such as woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV), ground squirrel hepatitis virus (GSHV) and duck hepatitis virus (DHBV). They have been classified as Hepadna Viruses. This article discusses the structure of HBV, the replication process of HBV and its possible role in the development of human primary liver cancer.