五种竞争作用力是美国哈佛商学院教授迈克尔·波特在20世纪80年代提出的一个研究竞争力的分析模型。之后成为产经竞争分析的“圣经”。波特认为,“形成竞争战略的实质就是将一个公司与其环境建立联系。尽管相关环境的范围广阔,包含着社会的、经济的因素,但公司环境的最关键部分就是公司投入竞争的一个或几个产业。产业结构强烈地影响着竞争规则的确立以及潜在的可供公司选择的战 Five competing forces are a model of research competitiveness proposed by Michael Porter, a professor at Harvard Business School, in the 1980s. After that, it became the “Bible” that produced the competitive analysis. Porter argues that "the essence of a competitive strategy is to connect a company to its environment, and despite the wide range of environmental and societal and economic factors involved, the most critical part of a company’s environment is one or more Industry.Industrial structure strongly influence the establishment of competition rules and the potential for the company to choose the war