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葡萄是庭院经济优先发展的主要果树品种,但葡萄在冬季容易受冻,越冬防寒已成为人们关注的问题。我们在1991年对康太、巨峰、斯凯勒3个品种做了棚膜覆盖和不同覆土厚度的防寒效果试验,在翌年萌芽后调查成活率、萌芽数和枝条风干程度。试验表明:采用上述两种方法均可提高葡萄越冬成活率,但以覆土厚30 cm 效果较好,芽萌发整齐,枝条无风干。覆土主要方法是:1 抗寒锻炼在葡萄落叶后,于10月上中旬剪去较弱枝条和干枝,结合施肥灌透水。将枝蔓顺行下架,捆好,放平地面,防止折断枝蔓。在夜间较寒冷时可用作物秸秆或草帘覆盖,白天温暖时撤去,逐渐进行抗寒锻炼。
Grapes are the priority fruit tree species in the garden economy. However, the grapes are susceptible to freezing in winter and overwintering the cold has become a concern. In 1991, we tested the cold-proof effect of the cover film and the thickness of different coverings on the three cultivars of the Kangtai, Jufeng and Schuyler, and investigated the survival rate, germination number and the degree of air-dried branches after germination in the following year. The results showed that the above two methods could improve the winter survival rate of grape, but the thickness of overburden was 30 cm, the bud germinated neatly and the branches did not dry. The main method of soil cover is: a cold hard after the grape leaves, cut off in mid-October on weaker branches and dry branches, combined with fertigation irrigation water. The branches of the vine along the line shelves, tied up, flat ground, to prevent the broken branches of vine. In the evenings when the crop straw or grass curtain can be used to cover, remove the warmth during the day and gradually cold-resistant exercise.