1 基本概念队列研究又称前瞻性研究、定群研究或纵向研究。它是分析流行病学研究的常用方法之一。其目的是研究某因素是否与某病的发生有关系,而将选定的人群,按其对某因素的暴露与否,分为暴露组和非暴露组,然后观察一定时期,比较两组的发病率或死亡率以检验该因素是否为该病的病因假设(图1)。 1 The basic concept of cohort research, also known as prospective study, group study or longitudinal study. It is one of the common ways of analyzing epidemiological studies. The purpose is to study whether a factor has a relationship with the occurrence of a disease, and the selected population, according to their exposure to a factor or not, is divided into exposed group and non-exposed group, and then observed a certain period, comparing the two groups Morbidity or mortality to test whether this factor is the cause of the disease hypothesis (Figure 1).