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采用无皂乳液聚合合成了单分散的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)球形颗粒,运用离心法制备出高度有序的三维胶体晶体。实验分别考察了粒子种类和转速等因素对胶体晶体结构的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行形貌表征分析。结果表明:离心法能制备出大尺寸三维胶体晶体(约1.5cm2×0.4cm),颗粒呈现面心立方堆积,周期短,制备的晶体硬度大。在相同实验条件下,SiO2组装耗时较PMMA短。制备高质量胶体晶体存在最佳转速,对于230nm的PMMA胶体悬浮液,在2000r/min时,得到的胶体晶体质量最高。
Monodispersed PMMA spherical particles were synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerization, and highly ordered three-dimensional colloidal crystals were prepared by centrifugal method. The effects of particle types and rotational speed on the structure of colloidal crystals were investigated respectively. The morphology of the colloidal crystals was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that large-size three-dimensional colloidal crystals (about 1.5cm2 × 0.4cm) can be prepared by centrifugal method. The particles exhibit face-centered cubic packing with short period and high hardness. Under the same experimental conditions, SiO2 assembly takes less time than PMMA. The best rotational speed was obtained when preparing high quality colloidal crystals. The highest colloidal crystals were obtained at 2000 r / min for the 230 nm PMMA colloidal suspension.