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目的探究广州市越秀区流动儿童手足口病发病现状,并分析其危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法随机选取2013年9月-2016年12月广州市妇女儿童医疗中心门诊就诊的流动儿童手足口病患儿300例,另采用1:1的匹配设计方式选择越秀区300名健康流动儿童为研究对象,采用问卷调查儿童基线资料、患儿临床症状、家庭生活环境及生活方式习惯,采用单因素χ2检验与多因素非条件logistic回归分析流动儿童手足口病的危险因素。结果本研究显示,男性患儿170例,女性患儿130例,年龄2~4岁居多,平均年龄为5.12岁;单因素分析显示,家庭收入情况、接触患者史、家庭垃圾堆积、小区垃圾堆积、小区人粪堆积、吮咬手指的习惯、饭前便后是否用肥皂或洗手液洗手与手足口病发生相关,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素显示,接触手足口病患者史(OR=1.655,95%CI:1.226~2.234),小区垃圾污物堆积(OR=1.407,95%CI:1.017~1.946),吮咬手指的习惯(OR=1.535,95%CI:1.146~2.055),饭前便后是否用肥皂或洗手液洗手(OR=1.614,95%CI:1.106~2.355)是手足口病发生的危险因素。结论广州市越秀区流动儿童手足口病多发生于2~4岁,儿童生活卫生问题是导致手足口病发生的主要因素,因此做好儿童卫生保健是预防手足口病发生的关键。
Objective To investigate the current status of HFMD in mobile children in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City and to analyze its risk factors. Methods A case-control study was conducted to select 300 infants with hand-foot-mouth disease who were from outpatient clinics in Guangzhou Women’s and Children’s Medical Center from September 2013 to December 2016. 300 children in Yuexiu District were selected with 1: 1 matching design method Healthy migrant children as the research object, the questionnaire survey of children’s baseline data, clinical symptoms, family life environment and lifestyle habits, using single factor χ2 test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis of mobile children with HFMD risk factors. Results The study showed that there were 170 males and 130 females, most of whom were aged 2 to 4 years old, with an average age of 5.12 years. Univariate analysis showed that household income, exposure to patient history, household waste accumulation and residential garbage accumulation , Community manure accumulation, the habit of sucking biting finger, wash hands with soap or hand sanitizer before meals and after hand and foot and mouth disease related, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05); many factors show that exposure to hand, foot and mouth (OR = 1.357, 95% CI: 1.017-1.946), habit of biting fingers (OR = 1.535, 95% CI: 1.146 ~ 2.055). Washing hands with soap or hand sanitizer after meals (OR = 1.614, 95% CI: 1.106 ~ 2.355) were risk factors for HFMD. Conclusions Hand-foot-mouth disease among migrant children in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou takes place mostly in the age of 2 to 4 years. Children’s hygiene problem is the main factor leading to hand-foot-mouth disease. Therefore, making children’s health care the key to preventing HFMD occurs.