一、引言人们早就注意到地震前的地面隆起,Rikitake对这方面的例子作过相当全面的论述。但是对这种隆起的研究长期以来仅将它看成一种前兆现象,并且基本上只当它是水准测量这个单一手段的研究对象。唐山地震发生在人口稠密地区,造成了巨大的人员伤亡,也为人类正确了解认识地震提供了一个难得的机会。这次地震表明,地面隆起不只是震前的现象,作为地震形变的一部分,它在震时造成的震害甚至更引人注目。这不仅有水准测量方面的证据,还有地应 I. INTRODUCTION It has long been noted that before the earthquake, the ground was uplifted. Rikitake made a fairly comprehensive exposition of the examples in this regard. But the study of this uplift has long been regarded as a mere precursor to it, and basically only when it is the object of a single measure of leveling. The Tangshan earthquake occurred in a densely populated area, causing huge casualties and providing a rare opportunity for human beings to correctly understand and understand the earthquake. The earthquake shows that the surface uplift is not just a pre-earthquake phenomenon. As part of the earthquake deformation, the earthquake damage caused by it was even more noticeable. This is not only evidence of leveling but also ground truth