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目的：通过回顾性分析甲状腺乳头状癌及结节性甲状腺肿患者术前甲状腺球蛋白(TG)及抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TG-Ab)水平，探讨其对甲状腺乳头状癌及结节性甲状腺肿的鉴别诊断意义。方法将所选对象分甲状腺乳头状癌组和结节性甲状腺肿组，比较两组患者术前甲状腺球蛋白（TG)及抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TG-Ab)水平。结果甲状腺乳头状癌组的TG值明显高于结节性甲状腺肿组与正常值上限，经t检验证实均有明显统计学意义，而TG-Ab值在甲状腺乳头状癌组与结节性甲状腺肿组及正常值上限比较，均无明显统计学意义。结论甲状腺球蛋白(TG)测定对甲状腺乳头状癌及结节性甲状腺肿的鉴别诊断有明显的临床意义，抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TG-Ab)测定对甲状腺乳头状癌及结节性甲状腺肿的鉴别诊断无明显的临床意义。“,”Objective To study the value of thyroglobulin (TG) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TG-Ab) detection in differential diagnosis of papil ary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter by retrospectively reviewing the TG and TG-Ab level in the patients pre-operation. Methods TG and TG-Ab level in papil ary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter patients was compared respectively. Results Compared with control and nodular goiter patients, TG level in papil ary thyroid carcinoma patients was significantly up-regulated, while TG-Ab level showed no statistical significance in al groups. Conclusion Compared with TG-Ab, TG detection could provide more helpful clinical significance in papil ary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter diagnosis.