论文部分内容阅读
论洋务运动的爱国性质●游唤民洋务运动是不是一个爱国运动？对于这个问题目前学术界尚存在严重分歧。基于此，笔者就这个问题发表一点个人意见，以请教于方家。从１８６１年清政府设立总理各国事务衙门起，至１８９５年“公车上书”前夕止，清廷内部的中枢奕讠斤、文祥和...
On the patriotic nature of the Westernization Movement ● Is it a patriotic movement? There is still serious disagreement on this issue in academia. Based on this, the author on this issue a little personal opinion, to consult Yu Fang. From the Qing government in 1861 the establishment of the Prime Minister’s affairs from the Yamen to 1895, “bus written” before the eve of the Qing court internal Yi Jin pounds, Wen Xiang and ...