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目的了解浙江省2005-2014年地方性斑疹伤寒的流行特征。方法以中国疾病预防控制信息系统中收集的浙江省2005-2014年地方性斑疹伤寒病例资料为对象,利用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果浙江省2005-2014年共报告地方性斑疹伤寒39例,年平均发病率为0.008 6/10万。高发月份在6-9月,病例分布于6个地市,18个县(区),主要分布在农村(87.18%)。男女性别比为1.05∶1,年龄中位数是47岁。临床诊断平均时间是10.0 d,实验室诊断平均时间是14.5 d,临床诊断和实验室诊断病例的职业分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.257,P=0.006);性别构成差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.293,P=0.256)。结论浙江省地方性斑疹伤寒的防控工作应以农村和城乡结合部为主,需加强旅游人员健康教育,提高实验室检测能力。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of endemic typhus in Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2014. Methods The data of endemic typhus from 2005 to 2014 collected in China’s disease prevention and control information system were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 39 cases of endemic typhus were reported from 2005 to 2014 in Zhejiang Province, with an average annual incidence of 0.008 6 / 100,000. In the high-incidence month, from June to September, cases were found in 6 prefectures and cities and 18 counties (districts), mainly in rural areas (87.18%). The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.05: 1 and the median age was 47 years. The average time for clinical diagnosis was 10.0 days, and the average time for laboratory diagnosis was 14.5 days. The occupational distributions of clinical diagnosis and laboratory diagnosis were statistically significant (χ2 = 7.257, P = 0.006). There was no significant difference in sex composition χ2 = 1.293, P = 0.256). Conclusion The prevention and control of endemic typhus in Zhejiang Province should be based on the combination of rural areas and urban and rural areas. Health education for tourism personnel should be strengthened so as to improve the testing ability of laboratories.