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在我国华北地区由于水资源的匮乏及农业生产的需要,采用污水灌溉与施用有机氯农药(OCPs)结合的农业管理方式普遍存在。大量OCPs则被引入到当地环境中,进而可能对该地区的居民产生潜在的健康风险。本研究分析石家庄市汪洋沟污灌区OCPs的残留状况,探讨污水灌溉条件下土壤-作物系统OCPs残留对土壤质量影响,并评价经口摄入及皮肤接触两种暴露途径下对人体产生的健康风险。结果表明:汪洋沟污灌区地表水、沉积物、土壤和玉米籽粒中检出了14种OCPs,其平均残留浓度分别为36.5 ng·L~(-1)、62.9 ng·g~(-1)、57.3 ng·g~(-1)和27.0 ng·g~(-1),滴滴涕(DDTs)是其最主要的污染物,占OCPs的73%以上,其次是六六六(HCHs)和甲氧滴滴涕。р,р’-DDT是DDTs的最主要成分,其主要来源于污水灌溉或近期DDTs的使用。γ-HCH是环境HCHs残留的主要成分,其主要来源于林丹的输入和使用。此外,在该地区污灌条件下OCPs残留对土壤中C、N循环及有机S的矿化产生一定的负面影响。研究区OCPs残留对人体产生的非致癌风险和致癌风险均不超过控制标准,但经口摄入所引致的非致癌风险应予以关注,其中р,р’-DDT与γ-HCH为主要风险物质。
Due to the lack of water resources and the need of agricultural production in north China, agricultural management methods using sewage irrigation and organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs) are ubiquitous. Large numbers of OCPs have been introduced into the local environment, which in turn can pose a potential health risk to residents in the area. This study analyzed the residual status of OCPs in Wangyanggou sewage irrigation area in Shijiazhuang and explored the impact of soil-crop system OCPs residues on soil quality under sewage irrigation conditions and evaluated the health risks to human beings caused by both oral exposure and skin contact exposure . The results showed that 14 kinds of OCPs were detected in surface water, sediment, soil and corn in Wangyanggou irrigation district. The average residual concentrations of OCPs were 36.5 ng · L -1 and 62.9 ng · g -1, respectively. , 57.3 ng · g -1 and 27.0 ng · g -1, DDTs were the main pollutants, accounting for more than 73% of OCPs, followed by HCHs and A Oxygen DDT. р, р’-DDT is the main component of DDTs, mainly from sewage irrigation or the use of DDTs in the near future. γ-HCH is the main component of environmental HCHs residue, which is mainly derived from the input and use of lindane. In addition, residues of OCPs in the area under sewage irrigation have a certain negative impact on C and N cycling and mineralization of organic S in the soil. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of residual OCPs in the study area do not exceed the control standards, but non-carcinogenic risks caused by oral intake should be concerned, of which, р, р’-DDT and γ-HCH are the main risk substances .