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目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)儿童头颅侧位片上气道矢状向最小宽度与锥体束CT(CBCT)上气道最小横截面积的相关性,判断头颅侧位片是否可以作为儿童气道阻塞的初步诊断依据。方法选取2012年7月至2016年7月就诊于武汉大学口腔医院正畸科、经多导睡眠监测(PSG)诊断为OSAHS的10~12岁患儿48例,将与头颅侧位片同期拍摄的CBCT数据导入Dolphin软件,计算上气道最小横截面积。将头颅侧位片测量的气道矢状向最小宽度与CBCT三维重建得到的最小横截面积进行Pearson相关性分析。结果头颅侧位片上气道最窄处与CBCT气道重建所得的气道最小横截面积所在的位置基本一致,头颅侧位片测量的上气道最窄处矢状向宽平均值为(3.79±2.40)mm,CBCT测量最小横截面积为(103.30±34.47)mm2,两者之间Pearson相关系数(R)=0.670(P<0.05)。结论 OSAHS儿童气道的二维和三维测量有较强的相关性,头颅侧位片可在一定程度上反映气道的真实情况,作为气道阻塞的初步筛选工具。
Objective To analyze the correlation between the minimum sagittal width of trachea and the minimum cross-sectional area of airway in pyramidal tract CT (CBCT) in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) Whether it can be used as a preliminary diagnosis of airway obstruction in children. Methods Forty-eight children aged 10-12 years old diagnosed as OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) from July 2012 to July 2016 in Orthodontics Department of Stomatology Hospital of Wuhan University were enrolled in this study. CBCT data into Dolphin software to calculate the minimum cross-sectional area of the upper airway. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the minimum sagittal airway width measured by cephalometric slices and the minimum cross-sectional area obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of CBCT. Results The narrowest part of the upper airway in the cephalometric slice was consistent with the smallest airway cross-sectional area obtained by CBCT reconstruction. The sagittal width of the uppermost airway in the cephalometric slice was (3.79 ± 2.40) mm, and the minimum cross-sectional area measured by CBCT was (103.30 ± 34.47) mm2. The Pearson correlation coefficient (R) was 0.670 (P <0.05). Conclusions There is a strong correlation between two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurements of airway in children with OSAHS. Cephalocervical slices can reflect the real situation of airway to a certain extent and serve as a primary screening tool for airway obstruction.