溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis，UC)是以溃疡为主要特征的直肠、结肠慢性非特异性炎症性肠病。辅助性T细胞9(help T cell 9，Th9)//调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell，Treg)细胞平衡紊乱、肠道菌群失调，均是UC发病的重要特征，在临床和实验研究的实践中发现单独调控Th9/Treg细胞平衡或多种方式改变肠道菌群平衡均可有效治疗UC。现已证明四神丸具有抗炎和免疫调节作用，它对UC患者的多个免疫环节和肠道菌群均起调节作用，目前在UC的治疗中广泛应用，已取得满意疗效。“,”Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease.It is marked by inflammation and ulceration of the colon mucosa.Help T cell 9(Th9)/regulatory T cell(Treg) balance disorder and intestinal flora disorder are important characteristics of UC.In clinical and experimental practice, it has been found that UC can be treated by regulating Th9/Treg cell balance alone or changing intestinal flora balance.It has been proved that Sishen Wan has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and it has a regulatory effect on multiple immune links and intestinal flora of UC patients.Currently, it has been widely used in the treatment of UC and has achieved satisfactory efficacy.