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起诉书语言规范化是“无罪推定”理念的必然要求,是“以庭审为中心”的应有之义,也是规范司法行为的重要内容。当前起诉书中存在着使用带有强烈感情色彩或政治色彩的词语、以法律评价代替客观表述、以结论代替罪状概述等语言失范现象。究其根源,主要有刑法条文及司法解释非客观性表述的引导、检察官角色定位的偏差、“有罪推定”理念的影响等方面的原因。建议借鉴域外经验,通过增强“无罪推定”的意识,严格履行检察官客观义务,制定常用罪名规范化表述手册,严格起诉书的审批等途径,推动起诉书语言规范化。
The normalization of the indictment language is an inevitable requirement of the concept of “presumption of innocence” and is the proper meaning of “court-centered” and also an important content of standardizing judicial acts. The current indictment contains the use of words with a strong emotional or political tone, substituting legal evaluation for objective expressions and ending the phenomenon of verbal abuse such as an overview of guilt. The reasons are mainly the guidance of criminal law provisions and non-objectivity statements of judicial interpretation, the deviation of the prosecutors’ role orientation and the influence of the concept of “guilty presumption”. It is suggested that we should promote the standardization of indictment language by drawing on the experience of other countries and by strengthening the awareness of “presumption of innocence”, strictly fulfilling the procurator’s objective obligations, formulating the normative handbook of common charges and strictly examining and approving indictments.