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目的研究失重状态下人体四肢运动,得出整个人体无外力状况下自旋运动的变化规律,为航天员空间位姿变换操作方法提供参考。方法根据太空环境下人体的运动特点建立航天员人体动力学模型,采用Roberson-Wittenberg方法(R/W方法)分析人体各体段在其复杂系统中的相互运动关系,解决其绕矢状轴、冠状轴和垂直轴运动的问题。结果旋转体绕相应轴的旋转速度增大会加快整个人体旋转的速度;旋转体本身的质量与转动惯量增大亦会加快整个人体的旋转速度,同时需要提供的关节力与力矩会增大。结论旋转因素的分析对航天员太空作业时位置与姿态的变换方法选择具有参考价值。
OBJECTIVE To study the movement of limbs under the condition of weightlessness, and to get the change law of the spin movement under the condition of no external force in the whole human body, and to provide a reference for the astronaut position and attitude changing operation method. Methods The astronaut’s human dynamics model was established based on the movement characteristics of the human body under space environment. The Roberson-Wittenberg method (R / W method) was used to analyze the mutual movement of body segments in their complex system, Coronal and vertical axis motion problems. As a result, the rotation speed of the rotating body around the corresponding axis will increase the speed of rotation of the entire human body. The mass and moment of inertia of the rotating body itself will also increase the rotation speed of the entire human body, and at the same time, the joint force and torque to be provided will increase. Conclusion The analysis of the rotation factor has reference value for the selection of the method of changing the position and attitude of astronauts in space operations.