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[目的]CAX(Ca2+/H+exchanger antiporter)是一类重要的跨膜转运蛋白,在植物体内阳离子转运上起着非常重要的作用。本文对苹果MdCAXs基因进行了生物信息学和组织特异性表达分析,以期为该类基因的功能研究奠定基础。[方法]利用生物信息学的方法对苹果MdCAXs基因家族染色体定位、蛋白质等电点、亲疏水性、跨膜区域、亚细胞定位及保守结构域进行了预测和分析,同时还分析了MdCAXs基因与其他物种CAXs基因的进化关系。采用实时荧光定量PCR法对苹果MdCAXs基因在不同盐处理下根、茎、叶中的表达变化进行分析。[结果]苹果MdCAXs家族包含8个成员,分别属于CAXsⅠ型中的A亚型和B亚型,编码436~817个氨基酸,等电点4.97~7.12,且都为疏水性蛋白;所有MdCAXs基因编码的氨基酸都有11个及以上的跨膜区域,含有CAXs基因5个典型的功能域:N-端自抑制区域(NRR)、C-端功能区域、Ca2+功能域(CaD)、C功能域和D功能域。亚细胞定位预测MdCAXs主要是定位在质膜和内质网上。苹果MdCAXs基因具有组织特异性表达特点,不同种类盐处理根、茎、叶中表达发生不同程度的变化,反映了MdCAXs存在功能上的差异,对不同阳离子有特异性的应答反应。[结论]苹果MdCAXs是一类跨膜转运蛋白,具有植物CAXs基因典型的结构特征,根、茎、叶对不同的盐离子具有不同的表达响应。
[Objective] CAX (Ca2 + / H + exchanger antiporter) is a kind of important transmembrane transporter and plays a very important role in the cation transport in plants. In this paper, bioinformatics and tissue-specific expression analysis of apple MdCAXs gene was carried out in order to lay a foundation for the study of the function of these genes. [Method] Bioinformatics methods were used to predict and analyze the chromosomal location, isoelectric point, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, transmembrane region, subcellular localization and conserved domains of MdCAXs gene in apple. At the same time, the relationship between MdCAXs gene and other Evolutionary relationships of species CAXs genes. The expression changes of MdCAXs gene in roots, stems and leaves under different salt treatments were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. [Result] The apple MdCAXs family consisted of 8 members, which belonged to the subtype A and subtype B of CAXs Ⅰ, respectively, encoding 436-817 amino acids and isoelectric point 4.97-7.12, and all of them were hydrophobic proteins. All MdCAXs genes encoded There are 11 or more transmembrane domains in CAXs, including five typical domains of CAXs: NRR, C-terminal domain, Ca2 domain, C domain and D function domain. Subcellular localization predicts that MdCAXs are mainly located on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum. The expression of MdCAXs in apple plants was tissue-specific. The expression of MdCAXs in different kinds of salt changed to varying degrees in roots, stems and leaves, reflecting the functional differences of MdCAXs and the specific response to different cations. [Conclusion] The apple MdCAXs is a kind of transmembrane transport protein, which has the typical structural characteristics of plant CAXs gene. The roots, stems and leaves have different expression responses to different salt ions.