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为了对玉米群体进行合理有效的改良利用,通过改良S1选择法对12个玉米群体改良一轮后进行效果比较分析。结果表明,穗行数、行粒数和百粒重是构成产量的三因素,遗传增益最大的群体为蒙群2,其他依次为蒙群4、蒙群1等7个群体,蒙群3及3个国外引进群体遗传增益为负值;玉米群体在穗部、植株性状以及遗传变异中均存在一定的变化。试验研究得出,蒙群2、蒙群4、中综7号、蒙C群、蒙A群产量遗传增益均较大,并在其他农艺性状中改良效果显著,可直接选择优株自交进行选系,而其余7个群体遗传增益小,改良利用潜力不大。
In order to improve and utilize the corn population reasonably and effectively, 12 maize populations were improved for one round by the improved S1 selection method. The results showed that the number of rows per ear, the number of rows per plant and the weight of 100 kernels were the three factors that make up the yield. The group with the largest genetic gain was Meng Qun 2, the other followed by Meng Qun 4 and Meng Qun 1, The genetic gain of three imported groups was negative. There were some changes in the population of maize, plant characters and genetic variation. The results showed that the genetic gain of Mengnong 2, Mengnong 4, Zhongza 7, Mengcun Group and Mengnuan Group were all larger, and the improvement effect was obvious in other agronomic traits. Selected lines, and the remaining seven groups of small genetic gain, improve the use of little potential.