马赫主义,又叫经验批判主义。出现于十九世纪七十年代。盛行于上世纪末叶至本世纪初期。创立这个哲学流派的是奥地利物理学家、哲学家恩斯特·马赫和德国资产阶级哲学家理查·阿芬那留斯。这一哲学流派,在当时的第二国际范围内虽然没有获得象新康德主义那样广泛的影响,但它和新康德主义结合在一起,却是修正主义哲学的一个重要的渊源。特别是在俄国1905年革命失败后,它在俄国社会主义工党内广泛地为修正主义分子所信奉。起了十分恶劣的作用。列宁在 Machism, also known as empirical criticism. Appeared in the nineteenth century, the seventies. Prevalent in the late leaves of the last century to the early stages of this century. The founding of this school of philosophy was the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach, and the German bourgeois philosopher Richard Avenarius. Although this philosophical school did not have the same extensive influence as Neo-Kantism at that time in the second international context, its integration with neo-Kantianism was an important source of revisionist philosophy. Especially after the Russian Revolution failed in 1905, it was widely respected by revisionists in the Russian Socialist Labor Party. Played a very bad role. Lenin is at