目的:对超声引导在经皮肾镜治疗肾、输尿管上段结石术中的应用价值进行调查。方法:选择我院79例肾、输尿管上段结石患者,患者均为2015年3月-2016年3月间入院治疗的人员,所有患者均在超声引导下进行穿刺,建立通道,碎石治疗,必要时可建立多个通道取石。结果:79例患者成功取石的78例,占比例的98.8%,其中一次性穿刺成功取石的45例,二次穿刺成功取石的23例,三次穿刺成功取石的10例,有1例患者三次穿刺均未成功,占比例的1.2%,所有患者治疗后均无气胸、血气胸表现,无脏腑功能损伤表现,无肾脏受损表现。患者术后1周复诊有76例患者显示结石完全清除,占比例的96.2%,其余患者按照原通道或重新建立通道进行取石,出院前结石全部清除。结论:超声引导下经皮肾镜取石术在肾、输尿管上段结石中的治疗效果较好,且具有比较高的安全性。 Objective: To investigate the value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephroscope in the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi. Methods: 79 patients with renal and upper ureteral calculi in our hospital were enrolled. All patients were admitted to the hospital from March 2015 to March 2016. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided puncture and established channel and gravel therapy. Necessary When you can create multiple channels stone. Results: Of the 79 patients, 78 were successfully graded, accounting for 98.8% of the total. Among them, 45 were successfully punctured with a single puncture, 23 were successfully punctured by secondary puncture, 10 were successfully punctured by three punctures and 1 was punctured by three punctures No success, accounting for 1.2% of the proportion, all patients without pneumothorax after treatment, hemopneumothorax performance, no visceral dysfunction performance, no renal impairment. One week after the operation, 76 patients showed a complete removal of stones, accounting for 96.2% of the patients. The remaining patients were taken out of the original passage or re-established channels, and all the stones were removed before discharge. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy is superior in the treatment of kidney and upper ureteral calculi, and has relatively high safety.