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[目的]探讨N、P、K肥对旱地春油菜品种青杂2号产量的影响。[方法]采用“3414”试验设计,通过田间施肥试验研究了N、P、K肥用量对青杂2号产量的影响。[结果]3个肥料因子与产量的回归关系极显著(F=14.87),回归方程的拟合程度高(拟合系数r=0.982)。N、P、K肥对产量的影响依次为:N肥>K肥>P肥。N、P、K互作对产量的影响依次为:氮肥×磷肥>氮肥×钾肥>磷肥×钾肥。产量与N、P、K肥的一元二次回归关系式分别为:Y1=2 024.66+343.15X1-19.74X12;Y2=2849.97+165.53X2-6.62X22;Y3=3708.01-207.23X3+18.56X32。Y1的最大值为3 534.22kg/hm2,对应的施氮量为130.35kg/hm2;Y2的最大值为3884.41kg/hm2,对应的施磷量为187.50 kg/hm2。Y1的最佳值为3534.16kg/hm2,对应的施氮量为129.60 kg/hm2;Y2的最佳值为3884.22kg/hm2,对应的施磷量为184.95kg/hm2。[结论]N、P、K肥用量及其互作对油菜产量的影响均较显著。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on the yield of spring rape variety Qingza 2 in dry land. [Method] With “3414” experimental design, the effect of N, P and K fertilizer application on the yield of Qingza 2 was studied through field fertilization experiment. [Result] The regression relationship between three fertilizer factors and yield was significant (F = 14.87), and the regression equation was highly fitted (fitting coefficient r = 0.982). The effects of N, P and K fertilizers on yield were as follows: N fertilizer> K fertilizer> P fertilizer. The effects of N, P, K interactions on the yield were as follows: nitrogen fertilizer × phosphate fertilizer> nitrogen fertilizer × potassium fertilizer> phosphate fertilizer × potassium fertilizer. The one-way quadratic regression formulas of yield and N, P and K fertilizers were: Y1 = 2 024.66 + 343.15X1-19.74X12; Y2 = 2849.97 + 165.53X2-6.62X22; Y3 = 3708.01-207.23X3 + 18.56X32. The maximum value of Y1 is 3 534.22kg / hm2, the corresponding amount of nitrogen application is 130.35kg / hm2, the maximum value of Y2 is 3884.41kg / hm2, and the corresponding amount of phosphorus application is 187.50kg / hm2. The optimal value of Y1 was 3534.16kg / hm2, the corresponding nitrogen application rate was 129.60kg / hm2, the optimum value of Y2 was 3884.22kg / hm2, and the corresponding phosphorus application rate was 184.95kg / hm2. [Conclusion] The effects of N, P and K fertilizers and their interaction on rapeseed yield were all significant.