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选择新疆境内天山山脉从西到东处于不同经度位置(81°05′—93°41.5′E,约12个经度范围)5个地点(昭苏、巩留、乌苏、乌鲁木齐和哈密)的天山云杉林进行垂直样带取样测定,分析天山云杉球果大小性状(长、宽及长宽比)随海拔梯度与经度的地理变化规律,以期为天山云杉种群保护、优良种源选育及其合理利用提供依据。结果表明:同一经度位置不同海拔范围内天山云杉球果大小性状发生不同的变化。天山云杉的球果长和球果长宽比随着海拔的增加总体上呈现逐渐减小的趋势,而球果宽则总体上随海拔梯度变化不显著。各经度位置天山云杉球果宽较球果长的性状稳定性高。天山云杉球果性状随海拔、经度和坡度的变化而发生变异,球果长的变异主要受海拔和坡度的影响,球果宽的变异则主要受经度的影响,而海拔、经度、坡度对球果长宽比都有显著影响。
Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang were selected from 5 sites (Zhaosu, Gongliu, Wusu, Urumqi and Hami) at different longitudes (81 ° 05’-93 ° 41.5’E, about 12 longitudes) from west to east, Picea mongolica forest was sampled by vertical sampling to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of size and height of spruce (Tianshan) spruce with the altitude gradient and longitude in order to protect the population of spruce And its reasonable use to provide the basis. The results showed that the size and shape of spruce cones in Tianshan Mountains varied in different altitudes at the same longitude. The length-width ratio of cones and cones of Tianshan spruce tended to decrease gradually with the increase of altitude, while the width of cones varied notably with the altitude gradient. Longitudinal coniferous spruce cones in all longitudes are longer than cones. The variation of spruce cones in Tianshan Mountains varied with the altitude, longitude and gradient. The variation of cones length was mainly affected by altitude and slope. The variation of cones width was mainly affected by longitude, while the altitude, longitude and slope Cones aspect ratio has a significant impact.